How To Design And Evaluate Bispecific Antibodies (BsAbs)?

Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) represent a next-generation approach in immunotherapy, offering the ability to engage two distinct targets simultaneously for improved therapeutic outcomes. Their design involves careful consideration of structure, mechanism of action (MOA), and developability. Structural choices—such as full-length IgG-like formats or fragment-based constructs—impact stability, expression, and purification complexity. Factors like affinity, valency, linker composition, and Fc region functionality must align with the intended MOA to balance efficacy and safety.

Evaluation strategies span in vitro bioassays and in vivo pharmacology studies. These include cell-bridging assays for T-cell or NK-cell engagement, dual-target blockade tests for signaling inhibition, and immune activation models for checkpoint modulation. Advanced screening workflows prioritize potency, stability, and manufacturability, ensuring candidates progress efficiently to preclinical development.

Explore how integrated design and evaluation frameworks accelerate bsAb discovery, reduce off-target risks, and optimize therapeutic potential across oncology, autoimmune disorders, and beyond.